Screening of Antifouling Biocides Around a Pleasure Boat Marina in the Baltic Sea After Legal Restrictions

Copper, zinc, and Irgarol 1051 concentrations were determined around a pleasure boat marina in the Stockholm Archipelago. Copper concentrations in water were twice as high (6.62 mu g L(-1)) in 2004 as 1992-1993, zinc concentrations six times higher (20.0 mu g L(-1)). Concentrations in bladder wrack (Fucus vesiculosus) had also risen. Irgarol concentrations in water were similar (similar to 0.17 mu g L(-1)) in 1996 and 2004, while concentrations in bladder wrack halved from 1993 to 2004. The peak concentrations of copper and Irgarol in water have shifted indicating that the main source in the 1990 s were local boats, but in 2004 visiting boats.