Resource availability and system adjustments for enhanced productivity in fruit tree-based agroforestry on sloping land

Huu Thuong Pham

doi:10.54612/a.ei9jsh3sft

Resource availability and system adjustments for enhanced productivity in fruit tree-based agroforestry on sloping land

Bidragets översatta titel: Resurstillgång och systemanpassningar för ökad produktivitet i fruktträdsbaserat agroforestry på sluttande mark

Huu Thuong Pham

Institutionen för växtproduktionsekologi

Publikation: Avhandling › Doktorsavhandling

5 Nedladdningar

Sammanfattning

Odling på bergssluttningar är avgörande för den globala livsmedelsförsörjningen, men markförstöring på grund av ohållbara jordbruksmetoder är ett allt större problem. Agroforestry (AF) kan bidra till en lösning på detta. Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling var att beskriva den spatiala fördelningen av viktiga resurser (ljus, vatten, näringsämnen) som påverkar grödan i 3–6-åriga fruktträdsbaserade AF-system på mark med 15-35° lutning i nordvästra Vietnam, och att identifiera möjligheter till ökad komplementaritet i resursutnyttjande. Dessa AF-system inkluderar konturodlade fruktträd, majs/kaffe och remsor av fodergräs. Studien utvärderar och föreslår även inkludering av baljväxter som bottengrödor för att optimera resursanvändningen och förbättra produktiviteten. Markens lutning minskade det infallande ljuset till grödorna nedanför trädraderna. Växttillgängligt markvatteninnehåll (ASWC) ökade mer ovan än nedan gräsremsorna efter regn. Skillnaderna längs sluttningen var tydligast under torrperioden, då ASWC var lägre inom gräsremsorna jämfört med andra systemzoner. Markens halt av organiskt kol (SOC), totalkväve (N) och tillgänglig fosfor (P) och kalium (K) var lägre i gräsremsorna och odlingszonerna direkt nedanför dessa än i trädraderna och längre bort från gräset. Tillväxten och avkastningen hos majs och kaffe var signifikant mindre nedan än ovan trädraderna. Trädens och gräsets effekt på grödorna minskade när avståndet ökade. Integrering av baljväxter som bottengröda ökade SOC och N i jorden men minskade P och K. Modellsimuleringar visade att reläodling av baljväxter har potential att optimera resursutnyttjandet och öka produktiviteten. Slutsatsen är att AF på sluttande mark påverkar resursfördelningen och grödornas produktivitet. I avhandlingen diskuteras också vägen framåt för att optimera utnyttjandet av ljus och vatten, samt lämpliga strategier för näringsförsörjning.

Bidragets översatta titel	Resurstillgång och systemanpassningar för ökad produktivitet i fruktträdsbaserat agroforestry på sluttande mark
Originalspråk	Engelska
Kvalifikation	Doktor i filosofi
Förlag	Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Tryckta ISBN	978-91-8046-464-2
Elektroniska ISBN	978-91-8046-514-4
DOI	https://doi.org/10.54612/a.ei9jsh3sft
Status	Publicerad - 2025

FN:s SDG:er

Detta resultat bidrar till följande hållbara utvecklingsmål:

SDG 1 – Ingen fattigdom
SDG 2 – Ingen hunger
SDG 15 – Ekosystem och biologisk mångfald

Nyckelord

coffee yield
competition
complementarity
fruktträdsjordbruk
kaffeskörd
komplementaritet
konkurrens
light distribution
ljusdistribution
maize yield
majsskörd
markvatten
resource optimization
resursoptimering
skuggning
sloping land
sluttning
soil water
tree shade

SLU-serie

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

Åtkomst av dokument

10.54612/a.ei9jsh3sft

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title = "Resource availability and system adjustments for enhanced productivity in fruit tree-based agroforestry on sloping land",

abstract = "Sloping lands are crucial for global food security but are increasingly degraded due to unsustainable farming practices. Agroforestry (AF) can offer a more sustainable solution to this problem. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe the distribution of key resources (light, water, nutrients) affecting crop performance in 3–6-year-old contour cropped and fruit tree-based AF systems on sloping land (15-35°) in Northwest, Vietnam, and to identify possibilities for enhanced complementarity of resource use. These AF systems include fruit trees, maize/coffee, and forage grass. The study also aimed to evaluate and propose system redesigns with incorporated understory legumes to improve resource use and enhance productivity. Slope significantly reduced incident light to crops downslope of the tree rows. Available soil water content (ASWC) increased more upslope than downslope of the grass strips after rainfall events. Differences along the slope were most evident during the dry season, when ASWC was lower in the zones with grass strips compared to other zones. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were lower in grass strips and crop zones below grass than in the tree row zone and in zones farther away from grass strips on both up- and downslope sides. The growth and yield of maize and coffee were significantly lower on the downslope than upslope of the tree rows. The effects of trees and grass on crops decreased as the distance between trees and crops increased. Integrating understory legumes into AF systems increased SOC and N in the soil but reduced P and K. Modelling simulations showed the potential of legume relay-cropping for resources optimisation and productivity improvement. This study concluded that practicing AF on sloping land influences resource distribution and crop productivity and discusses the way forward for optimising the use of light and water, and suitable nutrient managements strategies.",

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AB - Sloping lands are crucial for global food security but are increasingly degraded due to unsustainable farming practices. Agroforestry (AF) can offer a more sustainable solution to this problem. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe the distribution of key resources (light, water, nutrients) affecting crop performance in 3–6-year-old contour cropped and fruit tree-based AF systems on sloping land (15-35°) in Northwest, Vietnam, and to identify possibilities for enhanced complementarity of resource use. These AF systems include fruit trees, maize/coffee, and forage grass. The study also aimed to evaluate and propose system redesigns with incorporated understory legumes to improve resource use and enhance productivity. Slope significantly reduced incident light to crops downslope of the tree rows. Available soil water content (ASWC) increased more upslope than downslope of the grass strips after rainfall events. Differences along the slope were most evident during the dry season, when ASWC was lower in the zones with grass strips compared to other zones. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were lower in grass strips and crop zones below grass than in the tree row zone and in zones farther away from grass strips on both up- and downslope sides. The growth and yield of maize and coffee were significantly lower on the downslope than upslope of the tree rows. The effects of trees and grass on crops decreased as the distance between trees and crops increased. Integrating understory legumes into AF systems increased SOC and N in the soil but reduced P and K. Modelling simulations showed the potential of legume relay-cropping for resources optimisation and productivity improvement. This study concluded that practicing AF on sloping land influences resource distribution and crop productivity and discusses the way forward for optimising the use of light and water, and suitable nutrient managements strategies.

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KW - competition

KW - complementarity

KW - fruktträdsjordbruk

KW - kaffeskörd

KW - komplementaritet

KW - konkurrens

KW - light distribution

KW - ljusdistribution

KW - maize yield

KW - majsskörd

KW - markvatten

KW - resource optimization

KW - resursoptimering

KW - skuggning

KW - sloping land

KW - sluttning

KW - soil water

KW - tree shade